Artificial intelligence in diabetic retinopathy: From deep learning to foundation models, clinical translation, and real-world deployment.

چکیده

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains a leading cause of preventable vision impairment worldwide, with its burden increasing in parallel with the global diabetes pandemic. As a progressive microvascular disorder with neurovascular unit involvement, DR is driven by retinal ischemia, inflammation, and…

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موضوعات مرتبط

• رتینوپاتی دیابتی
• شبکیه
• هوش مصنوعی در چشم پزشکی